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Peak-End Rule: Understanding How We Judge Experiences

A concept proposed by Daniel Kahneman. Explains how we remember experiences
Peak-End Rule
Peak-End Rule
Framework Card
Peak-End Rule

A cognitive bias showing that people remember experiences based on the most intense moment and the ending.

  • Goal Help people design more memorable and effective experiences.
  • Best For Product design, customer experience, leadership.
  • Outcome More memorable and strategically designed experiences.
Experience Design Cognitive Bias

What the Peak-End Rule Is About

In 2002, Nobel Prize-winning economist Daniel Kahneman introduced the Peak-End Rule, a concept that explains how we remember experiences.

According to this rule, people's memories of an event don't necessarily align with how they felt during the entire experience. Instead, their recollections are shaped by two key moments: the peak (the most intense part) and the end.

Peak-End Rule

If both the peak and the end are pleasant, our brain convinces us that the entire experience was enjoyable—even if parts of it were less than ideal.

In other words, we evaluate experiences based on these two moments, rather than the finer details or the overall average.

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